Neža Lipovec
Univerza v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fakulteta, Oddelek za živilstvo, Skupina za humano prehrano, Slovenija in Univerzitetni klinični center Ljubljana, Pediatrična klinika, Ljubljana, Slovenija

Kaja Kranjc
Univerza v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fakulteta, Oddelek za živilstvo, Skupina za humano prehrano, Ljubljana, Slovenija

Lana Kolar
štud. živilstva in prehrane Univerza v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fakulteta, Oddelek za živilstvo, Skupina za humano prehrano, Ljubljana, Slovenija

Tanja Pajk Žontar
Univerza v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fakulteta, Oddelek za živilstvo, Skupina za humano prehrano, Ljubljana, Slovenija

Evgen Benedik
Univerza v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fakulteta, Oddelek za živilstvo, Skupina za humano prehrano, Ljubljana, Slovenija in Univerzitetni klinični center Ljubljana, Pediatrična klinika, Ljubljana, Slovenija

Abstract

Restrictive diets during pregnancy and breastfeeding are a topic of significant interest and concern for healthcare professionals, as well as expectant and new parents. These are periods when nutritional intake is crucial for the health of both the mother and the child. Proper nutrition supports optimal fetal development, a healthy pregnancy, and the subsequent development of the infant. However, many women choose restrictive diets during these periods for various reasons, including weight management, dietary preferences, or medical conditions. It is important to understand the potential consequences of such diets for both the mother and the child, as well as the recommended guidelines for healthy, balanced eating during these critical life stages. In this article, we will discuss all forms of vegetarianism, as well as gluten-free, lactose-free, and low-carbohydrate diets.

Key words: pregnancy, breastfeeding, restrictive diets, malnutrition, nutritional programming